충치예방, 치아재광화와 나노 하이드록시아파타이트

Oper Dent. 2016 Feb 26. [Epub ahead of print]

Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity Using Nano-Hydroxyapatite Pastes: A Randomized Three-Month Clinical Trial.

Wang L, Magalhães AC, Francisconi-Dos-Rios LF, Calabria MP, Araújo D, Buzalaf M, Lauris J, Pereira JC.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:

This randomized clinical trial tested the three-month desensitizing effect of two protocols using nano-hydroxyapatite formulations compared with Pro-Argin and fluoride varnish.

METHODS:

Twenty-eight subjects with 137 teeth presenting dentin exposure with a minimal hypersensitivity of four on the visual analog scale (VAS) took part of this study. The subjects were randomly assigned to four groups: Desensibilize Nano-P paste (20% hydroxyapatite [HAP], potassium nitrate, and sodium fluoride [NaF]; 9000 ppm fluoride [F]); Desensibilize Nano-P associated with experimental home-care pastes (10% HA, potassium nitrate, and NaF; 900 ppm F); Pro-Relief professional paste (8% arginine with Pro-Argin technology) associated with home-care toothpaste (8% arginine, sodium monofluorophosphate, 1450 ppm F); and Duraphat professional varnish (NaF varnish, 22,600 ppm F). The professional treatments were performed in weekly appointments over three weeks. The home-care products were used continuously for three months. A VAS was used to assess the tooth sensitivity response after standardized evaporative stimulus at baseline and after one month and three months. The baseline score was deducted from the final score, and the means were analyzed using nested analysis of variance, while the comparison between times was performed by a general linear model (p<0.05).

RESULTS:

At the first month all treatments were effective, but there were no significant differences among them (p=0.94). At the third month, despite the fact that NaF varnish had the lowest effect in reducing hypersensitivity, no significant difference was found among the treatments (p=0.09). only Pro-Relief increased its effect over time (p=0.049).

CONCLUSIONS:

Nano-hydroxyapatite formulations (with or without home-care product association) were as effective as the other treatments in reducing dentin hypersensitivity over three months.

J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2015 Oct;15(10):7942-9.

Dental Hetero-Graft Materials with Nano Hydroxyapatite Surface Treatment.

Kim DH, Kim KI, Yoon S, Kim HJ, Ahn JS, Jun SH, Kang HC, Pang C, Kim J, Cha HJ, Han KH, Kim DM, Lee JH.

Abstract

We report the development of hydroxyapatite nanoparticle (HAp NP)-functionalized hetero-graft materials (HGMs) for dental applications. These HGMs were prepared by attaching platelet-, needle-, and sphere-shaped HAp NPs to the surface of xenograft materials through chemical conjugation. Although all three HAp NPs contributed to increase the surface area of bone graft material (BGM), the shape of the HAp NPs was a determining factor. Platelet HAp NPs were most effective, because they caused a 48.9% increase in BGM surface area whereas the influence of the spherical NP was only a 6.7% increase. This suggests that geometric factors regarding both the attached HAp NPs and graft material surface are essential in controlling the surface roughness of graft materials. Among the three HAp NPs, it was the platelet HAp NPs that helped to increase the efficacy of the BGM most significantly. Compared with BGM with no HAp NP attachment, HGM with platelet HAp NP ('platelet-HGM) treatment had ~46.1% higher cell attachment and proliferation rate. The MTT assay also showed that the HAp NP-treated hetero-graft materials had negligible cytotoxicity.

J Int Oral Health. 2015 Aug;7(8):118-22.

Evaluation of Dentifrice Containing Nano-hydroxyapatite for Dentinal Hypersensitivity: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Gopinath NM¹, John J², Nagappan N³, Prabhu S³, Kumar ES¹.

Author information

• ¹Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Madha Dental College & Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
• ²Professor and Head, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
• ³Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Chettinad Dental College & Research Institute, Kelambakkam, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, India.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

This randomized, double-blind, parallel arm study was carried out to evaluate and compare the effectiveness between nano-hydroxyapatite (HAP) and a benchmark dentifrice in reducing dentin hypersensitivity.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

About 36 patients were selected, randomly divided into two groups and was evaluated clinically using three different stimuli, i.e., tactile, air blast, and cold water test. The patient's responses to various stimuli were recorded using a visual analog scale at baseline and after 4 weeks.

RESULTS:

Statistical analysis was done using unpaired and paired t-tests. It was seen that patients treated in both groups showed significant reductions scores across all sensitivity measures at the end of 4 weeks.

CONCLUSION:

The HAP containing toothpaste was effective in reducing dentin hypersensitivity with pre-existing benchmark toothpaste tested and hence can be advocated in the management of hypersensitivity.

KEYWORDS:

Clinical trials; NovaMin; dentinal hypersensitivity; hypersensitivity; nano-hydroxyapatite

J Hazard Mater. 2014 Apr 15;270:71-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.01.041. Epub 2014 Jan 31.

The biotoxicity of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles to the plant growth.

Jiang H¹, Liu JK², Wang JD¹, Lu Y¹, Zhang M¹, Yang XH³, Hong DJ¹.

Author information

• ¹Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237 PR China.
• ²Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237 PR China. Electronic address: jkliu@ecust.edu.cn.
• ³Department of Chemistry, Chizhou University, Chizhou 247000, PR China. Electronic address: yxh6110@yeah.net.

Abstract

In the present study, hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanoparticles of different particle sizes with high crystallinity and similiar structure were prepared by hydrothermal method. The crystal structure and particle size were characterized by X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Mung bean sprouts were first used as experimental models. Instead of by MTT assay, the cytoxicity of HAP nanoparticles were proved and evaluated by measuring the hypocotyle length of mung bean sprouts in the culture media. The result showed that the inhibition effect to the growth of mung bean sprouts enhanced when HAP nanoparticles existed. Culture media of HAP nanoparticles with different concentrations and particle sizes was prepared to investigate the level of inhibition effect to the growth of mung bean sprouts. The result found that hypocotyl length of mung bean sprouts were the shortest cultured in 5mg/mL culture media in which the HAP nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal method for 24h. It was concluded the inhibition effect depended on the amount of intracellular HAP nanoparticles. The nanostructure and Ca(2+) concentration were considered as the main factors to cause cell apoptosis which was the reason of inhibition. The study provided a preliminary perspective about biotoxicity of HAP nanomaterials to the plant growth.

Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

KEYWORDS:

Biotoxicity; Cytotoxicity; Hydrothermal method; Hydroxyapatite

 

Am J Dent. 2015 Feb;28(1):51-6.

An in vitro evaluation of the effect of fluoride products on white spot lesion remineralization.

Mielczarek A, Gedrange T, Michalik J.

Abstract

PURPOSE:

To compare the effect of combinations of fluoride (F) products on remineralization of caries-like lesions.

METHODS:

Demineralized human enamel specimens were assessed by surface microhardness (SMH), stratified and allocated to five treatments groups: (1) Toothpaste containing 1% nano hydroxyapatite (HAP) + 1,450 ppm F; (2) Tooth mousse containing 10% casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) + 900 ppm F plus F toothpaste (1,450 ppm F as NaF); (3) F varnish containing 22,600 ppm F plus F toothpaste (1,450 ppm F as NaF); (4) F toothpaste (1,450 ppm F as NaF); and (5) placebo--distilled water (P). Each group was treated in a 21-day pH-cycling model. Groups 1, 4 and 5 were treated 2x/day. In Group 3, the tooth mousse was administered 1x/day plus 2x/day F toothpaste treatment. In Group 4, F varnish was administered 1x/week plus 2x/day treatment with F toothpaste. After cycling, SMH was re-measured and cross-sectional microhardness measurements were taken.

RESULTS:

Groups 1-4 produced significant rehardening of enamel. In the superficial layer (25-50 μm deep) significantly higher mineralization (up to 83%, by Volume (V), P < 0.0001) was achieved for Groups 2 and 3. In the area of 75-100 μm deep, the highest mineralization was observed for Groups 1 and 4 (V% = 68-83%).

Pediatr Dent. 2014 May-Jun;36(3):85-9.

In vitro effects of nano-hydroxyapatite paste on initial enamel carious lesions.

de Carvalho FG¹, Vieira BR², Santos RL², Carlo HL³, Lopes PQ⁴, de Lima BA⁵.

Author information

• ¹Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry, at Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.
• ²Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil.
• ³Department of Operative Dentistry, at Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. fabigalbi@yahoo.com.br.
• ⁴Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, at Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.
• ⁵Department of Materials Engineering, at Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.

Abstract

PURPOSE:

The purpose of this study was to analyze the protective effect of remineralizing agents on enamel caries lesions using surface Knoop microhardness testing (KHN) and atomic force microscopy (AFM).

METHODS:

Forty-eight human enamel blocks were assigned to four groups (N=12): (1) control (without agent); (2) fluoride varnish (Duraphat); (3) nano-HAP paste (Desensibilize Nano P); and (4) casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) paste (MI Paste Plus). Incipient caries-like lesions were artificially developed. Cariogenic challenge (pH-cycling) was performed for seven days. The pastes were applied before each immersion in demineralization solution, and the varnish was applied only once. KHN values were obtained at baseline, after incipient enamel lesion, and after challenge. The percentage of surface hardness recovery (%SMHR) was performed, and the surface morphology was evaluated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). ANOVA, Tukey's, and student paired t tests were applied at P<.05.

RESULTS:

After the cariogenic challenge, the nano-HAP group showed significantly higher KHN and %SMHR values than varnish. The CPP-ACP group showed no increase in KHN. The nano-HAP group showed, via AFM, a protective layer formation with globular deposits on the surface.

CONCLUSION:

SMHR and AFM morphology revealed that nano-hydroxyapatite paste showed a protective effect against in vitro enamel caries development.

J Dent. 2011 Jun;39(6):430-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2011.03.008. Epub 2011 Apr 8.

Enamel and dentine remineralization by nano-hydroxyapatite toothpastes.

Tschoppe P¹, Zandim DL, Martus P, Kielbassa AM.

Author information

• ¹Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University School of Dental Medicine, CharitéCentrum 3, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Aßmannshauser Strasse 4-6, D-14197 Berlin, Germany.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:

This in vitro study evaluated the effects of nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp) toothpastes on remineralization of bovine enamel and dentine subsurface lesions.

METHODS:

Specimens were demineralized, randomly divided into five groups, and exposed to an aqueous remineralizing solution for two and five weeks (37 °C). Brushing procedures were performed with the respective toothpaste/storage solution slurry twice daily (2 × 5 s; total contact time of the slurries 2 × 120s/d): storage in remineralizing solution only (0); additional brushing with B (20 wt% zinc carbonate nano-hydroxyapatite, ZnCO(3)/n-HAp); BS (24 wt% ZnCO(3)/n-HAp); E (0.14 wt% amine fluoride); or A (7 wt% pure n-HAp). Differences in mineral loss (ΔΔZ) before and after storage/treatment were microradiographically evaluated.

RESULTS:

Dentine groups 0, B, BS, and A showed significantly higher ΔΔZ values compared to E (p < 0.05; ANOVA). Enamel ΔΔZ values of group A were significantly higher compared to group E (p < 0.05), whilst no significant differences of these groups could be observed compared to 0, B, and BS (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:

With the in vitro conditions chosen, toothpastes containing n-HAp revealed higher remineralizing effects compared to amine fluoride toothpastes with bovine dentine, and comparable trends were obtained for enamel.